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TravBuddy.com: Cluj Travel Blogs and Reviews
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<copyright>Copyright 2005 TravBuddy LLC</copyright>
<link>http://www.travbuddy.com/</link>
<description>The latest travel journal entries and travel reviews from Cluj</description>
<language>en-us</language>
<lastBuildDate>Mon, 10 Nov 2008 23:03:57 PST</lastBuildDate>
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<title>Visue de Sus to Cluj :O</title>
<link>http://www.travbuddy.com/travel-blogs/28492/We-are-off-Sydney-1</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 10 Nov 2008 23:03:57 PST</pubDate>
<description>Avoiding bread has worked. Neither David or I have had issues since we quit eating it. Very sad though as Romania has great bread. I wonder what th&amp;hellip;</description>
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<![CDATA[
<p><a href="http://www.travbuddy.com/Cluj-travel-guide-1314151">Cluj, Romania></a>, Nov 07, 2008</p>
<p>
Avoiding bread has worked. Neither David or I have had issues since we quit eating it. Very sad though as Romania has great bread. I wonder what the additive it that upsets my system??<br />This morning, I stayed in bed whilst David returned to the train station to see if the logging train was running. Alas when he returned, it was with bad news. :( We gave up, packed the car and went for our included breakfast. You could have anything as long as it was eggs. More specifically, only omlettes. Hmm....No fruit, no hot chocolate and coffee that tastes like sludge. <br /><br />Turning the car west, we headed to the Merry Cemetery at Săpânţa. As we entered Săpânţa, we saw a sign to a monatery, and remembered that Dan told us about the church with the supposed Tallest wooden structure in Europe. (75m) But as it has a stone base, there are many who dispute its staus.  Frankly I don't care if it is or not. It is a tall spire. I was surprised to find this church was unfinished. Even the monatery building was not finished. The resident nun had the basement chapel open so we joined the other tourists. I understood nothing of her speech but we did have a good poke around.<br /><br />At the Merry cemetery, which was only two blocks away from the wooden church, I was totally amazed at the crosses on the graves. They are just as in the book. (Der, yes I know..) It is 5 Ron to go in and 5 Ron for photos but you can't go and not take photos.  Started by Ioan Star Pătraş when he started craving crosses for his church's cemetery.  He painted them blue to represent Hope and freedom and then enscribed awitty epitaph to the deceased. He died in 1977 but his apprentice  continues the tradition. These crosses are awesome. Some are very sad and even without being about to read the epitaph you can guess at how some people met their end, BUT I really wished I could have read them. :(<br /><br />Drove to Baie Marie aand walked to the old city wall. We ended up walking around 6km but it was great to be out of the car and using my legs for what they were designed for. The fruit and Veg markets<br />were interesting and David found some lovely grapes. Much cheaper than Australia. :D<br /><br />According to LP, the gold mine has in the past leaked Cyanide into the water of the city and therefore the water is not drinkable. Unfortunately, the mine is part owned by and Australian Company. Sad. :(<br /><br />We saw lots of partially built churches. A country that has hundreds of Churches already but is sorely lacking in basic facilities, roads, transport and in some places, water and they spend millions on yet more churches.  Its is all very puzzling. Does a community of 200 people need 3 or 4 churches?<br /><br />We were due to spend the night at Dej but the road south of Dej was signposted as closed. The detour was 45km north of Dej and David didn't want to drive 45km south only to return 45km north to go south again. I can understand this, so we took the detour towards Cluj. We were hoping to find a hotel on the way somewhere. Would you believe it! When you want a hotel they are thin on the ground. We didn't find one! The closest one we saw was in the outskirts of CLuj. David was wrung out! Many small towns with cows as traffic makes for difficult driving.<br />David was exhausted so he just stopped in front a hotel. This one was in LP, and unfortunaltey it was correct. You get a lot of bill and little room. :( Barely any features but it was close to the centru.  We dumped our stuff and went for a walk. In the centre of Cluj, there was a choreographed fountain, dancing with lights to classical music. I saw there meserised for a long time, just watching the water and then the lovers that strolled past. David was happy photographing the fountain. A good way to finish a long drive.<br />Found an unnamed cafe for a cheapish sort of meal.<br /></p>
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<title>Cluj Napoca</title>
<link>http://www.travbuddy.com/travel-blogs/44597/Cluj-Napoca-Cluj-1</link>
<pubDate>Sat, 08 Nov 2008 06:04:49 PST</pubDate>
<description>Arriving late on the airport I was welcomed by an old business partner. He brought me to the hotel, which was in the center just behind the main to&amp;hellip;</description>
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<![CDATA[
<p><a href="http://www.travbuddy.com/Cluj-travel-guide-1314151">Cluj, Romania></a>, Jul 06, 2008</p>
<p>
Arriving late on the airport I was welcomed by an old business partner. <br>He brought me to the hotel, which was in the center just behind the main town square.<br>After I had checked in and&nbsp; placed my luggage in the room we went for a beer to one of the terraces on the main square.<br>This already gave a good idea of the nice atmosphere on this summer night. I did not see many tourists, as most of the people around seemed to be locals. <br>The next day I had my appointment and after that I had some time available to walk around with a colleague of me.<br>We went to the parc near the center and even found an old historic carousel with small kids near the pond. After we went back into town and found a nice small square near an old church where we had a late local lunch on a terrace and enjoyed the summer afternoon.<br>In the evening we found a nice local restaurant where we had dinner. (no English menu, but we found some nice things)<br>The next day before leaving to the airport I made a photo tour in the center of which you may found some species.<br>Certainly a town to come back on a touristic trip.<br><br><br>

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<title>First Days </title>
<link>http://www.travbuddy.com/travel-blogs/43986/First-Days-Cluj-1</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 27 Oct 2008 18:42:01 PST</pubDate>
<description>So I arrived Friday night into Cluj and could only manage to find a hostel not full and find a grocery store and get some sleep. So Saturday was th&amp;hellip;</description>
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<![CDATA[
<p><a href="http://www.travbuddy.com/Cluj-travel-guide-1314151">Cluj, Romania></a>, Oct 18, 2008</p>
<p>
So I arrived Friday night into Cluj and could only manage to find a hostel not full and find a grocery store and get some sleep. So Saturday was the day of wandering Cluj. There is not too much to say here as I didn't really know too much about what I was doing or looking at. I mainly just wandered and got a feel for the people and the city. I saw the Ortodox Cathedral then the very old Gothic Cathedral (which I think was Catholic but maybe Greek). I wandered up into the universtiy district and into an open air market and a skate park.

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<title>Heart of Transylvania</title>
<link>http://www.travbuddy.com/travel-blogs/21187/Heart-of-Transylvania-Cluj-1</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 27 Oct 2008 18:42:01 PST</pubDate>
<description>The various cultural and material influences, which left their mark on Transylvania’s history, made up an important cultural and historic legacy &amp;hellip;</description>
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<![CDATA[
<p><a href="http://www.travbuddy.com/Cluj-travel-guide-1314151">Cluj, Romania></a>, Dec 11, 2007</p>
<p>
<DIV align=justify>The various cultural and material influences, which left their mark on Transylvania’s history, made up an important cultural and historic legacy of monuments, ancient vestiges or medieval churches and cathedrals at the side of modern masterpieces, as well as museums, memorial houses and architecture monuments. <BR><BR>With its variegated landscape and privileged geographical setting in the heart of Transylvania, Cluj displays a wide range of tourist and leisure activities;moreover, Cluj-Napoca enjoys the favorable positioning at the crossroads of two important tourist routes: E60, which crosses southwest of Cluj County, an important artery for transit tourism, and the route to Maramures County. Cluj County is the only one in Romania whose every town has a health resort inside or in the vicinity.</DIV></p>
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<title>cluj </title>
<link>http://www.travbuddy.com/travel-blogs/36486/cluj-Cluj-1</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 27 Oct 2008 18:42:01 PST</pubDate>
<description>
                  In the heart  of Transylvania, Cluj-Napoca  awaits its visitors, with the silent full of history walls and hospitable  people. &amp;hellip;</description>
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<![CDATA[
<p><a href="http://www.travbuddy.com/Cluj-travel-guide-1314151">Cluj, Romania></a>, Jun 14, 2007</p>
<p>

          <link rel="File-List" href="file:///C:%5CUsers%5CADMINI%7E1%5CAppData%5CLocal%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml"><link rel="Edit-Time-Data" href="file:///C:%5CUsers%5CADMINI%7E1%5CAppData%5CLocal%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_editdata.mso"><!--[if !mso]>  <style>  v:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}  o:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}  w:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}  .shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);}  </style>  <![endif]--><o:smarttagtype namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="City"></o:smarttagtype><o:smarttagtype namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="place"></o:smarttagtype><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>   <w:WordDocument>    <w:View>Normal</w:View>    <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>    <w:PunctuationKerning/>    <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>    <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>    <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>    <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>    <w:Compatibility>     <w:BreakWrappedTables/>     <w:SnapToGridInCell/>     <w:WrapTextWithPunct/>     <w:UseAsianBreakRules/>     <w:DontGrowAutofit/>    </w:Compatibility>    <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel>   </w:WordDocument>  </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>   <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" LatentStyleCount="156">   </w:LatentStyles>  </xml><![endif]--><!--[if !mso]><object   classid="clsid:38481807-CA0E-42D2-BF39-B33AF135CC4D" id=ieooui></object>  <style>  st1:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) }  </style>  <![endif]--><style>  <!--   /* Style Definitions */   p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal  	{mso-style-parent:"";  	margin:0in;  	margin-bottom:.0001pt;  	mso-pagination:widow-orphan;  	font-size:12.0pt;  	font-family:"Times New Roman";  	mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";}  p.arial10, li.arial10, div.arial10  	{mso-style-name:arial10;  	mso-margin-top-alt:auto;  	margin-right:0in;  	mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;  	margin-left:0in;  	mso-pagination:widow-orphan;  	font-size:12.0pt;  	font-family:"Times New Roman";  	mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";}  span.arial101  	{mso-style-name:arial101;}  @page Section1  	{size:8.5in 11.0in;  	margin:1.0in 1.25in 1.0in 1.25in;  	mso-header-margin:.5in;  	mso-footer-margin:.5in;  	mso-paper-source:0;}  div.Section1  	{page:Section1;}  -->  </style><!--[if gte mso 10]>  <style>   /* Style Definitions */   table.MsoNormalTable  	{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";  	mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;  	mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;  	mso-style-noshow:yes;  	mso-style-parent:"";  	mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;  	mso-para-margin:0in;  	mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;  	mso-pagination:widow-orphan;  	font-size:10.0pt;  	font-family:"Times New Roman";  	mso-ansi-language:#0400;  	mso-fareast-language:#0400;  	mso-bidi-language:#0400;}  </style>  <![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>   <o:shapedefaults v:ext="edit" spidmax="1027"/>  </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>   <o:shapelayout v:ext="edit">    <o:idmap v:ext="edit" data="1"/>   </o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]-->    <p class="arial10"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600"   o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f"   stroked="f">   <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"/>   <v:formulas>    <v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"/>    <v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"/>    <v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"/>    <v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"/>    <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"/>    <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"/>    <v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"/>    <v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"/>    <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"/>    <v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"/>    <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"/>    <v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"/>   </v:formulas>   <v:path o:extrusionok="f" gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect"/>   <o:lock v:ext="edit" aspectratio="t"/>  </v:shapetype><v:shape id="_x0000_s1026" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="" style=&#39;position:absolute;   margin-left:-90pt;margin-top:-97.9pt;width:44.25pt;height:45pt;z-index:1;   mso-wrap-distance-left:0;mso-wrap-distance-top:0;mso-wrap-distance-right:0;   mso-wrap-distance-bottom:0;mso-position-horizontal:absolute;   mso-position-horizontal-relative:text;mso-position-vertical:absolute;   mso-position-vertical-relative:line&#39; o:allowoverlap="f">   <v:imagedata src="file:///C:UsersADMINI~1AppDataLocalTempmsohtml1clip_image001.gif"    o:title="letter_i1"/>   <w:wrap type="square"/>  </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]--><span class="arial101">In the heart  of Transylvania, <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:city w:st="on">Cluj-Napoca</st1:city></st1:place>  awaits its visitors, with the silent full of history walls and hospitable  people. Treasures of architecture and years of shaping people’s minds have made  this county special in its uniqueness. You’ll see here the famous Transylvanian  calm and reflexive mind, seriousness and pride. Come and explore all the  ancient and modern beauties and opportunities! </span><o:p></o:p></p>    <p class="arial10">Renowned in the past for its richness and also known as “The  Treasure City”, Cluj offers nowadays a wide range of possibilities for personal  and company development, owing to its geographical position, the local  resources and, not least, the skill, education and seriousness of its  inhabitants.</p><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="ProgId" content="Word.Document"><meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 11"><meta name="Originator" content="Microsoft Word 11"><link rel="File-List" href="file:///C:%5CUsers%5CADMINI%7E1%5CAppData%5CLocal%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml"><link rel="Edit-Time-Data" href="file:///C:%5CUsers%5CADMINI%7E1%5CAppData%5CLocal%5CTemp%5Cmsohtml1%5C01%5Cclip_editdata.mso"><!--[if !mso]>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="arialbold">THE PRESENT NAME OF CLUJ-NAPOCA</span>
was established on October 16th 1974, on the occasion of the celebration of the
first documentary attestation of the city as a “municipium", 1850 years
ago. The name derives from the ancient Dacian name Napuca and Cluj
(clusa-clausa, meaning a narrow, confined place). Yet the first certified
documentary attestation dates from 1275, as villa Kluswar.<br>
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Ptolemy mentioned in his writings the Dacian village under the name of Napuca.
The Romans kept the name after the conquest of <st1:state w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Dacia</st1:place></st1:state> (105-106). In the time of Hadrian the
city became the capital city of the new province under the name Municipium
Aelium Hadrianum Napocense. Later, it became a colony under Aurelius (161-180).<br>
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century </span>- After the Romans abandoned the city, the population continued
to live here. As a testimony, the excavations in the Central “Unirii” Square,
which are planned be preserved. The centuries that followed were very difficult
for the population, as the Ostrogoth and the Gepids invasions plundered the
city.<br>
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI%7E1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image001.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1027" width="12" height="12"><!--[endif]--><span class="arialbold">The 9th and 10th
century</span> - The first fortified cities of Cluj and Dabaca were part of
Gelu’s viovodate (a primitive form of state), which did not resist the pressure
of the Hungarian invaders who conquer it.<br>
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invasion plundered the city and destroyed its fortifications, yet the city
recovered and attracted many Saxons who settled in the city.<br>
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- King Carol Robert made the settlement a city, which triggered the economic
flourishing of the settlement. Cluj established many trade contacts with the
other Romanian Principalities, as well as with many European countries.<br>
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI%7E1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image001.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1030" width="12" height="12"><!--[endif]--><span class="arialbold">1437 </span>- The
Bobalna uprising - the poor inhabitants of the city fraternized with the
rioters. Consequently, the city lost some of its economic privileges, which
were restored under the rule of Iancu de Hunedoara. <br>
<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="_x0000_i1031" type="#_x0000_t75" alt=""
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI%7E1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image001.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1031" width="12" height="12"><!--[endif]--><span class="arialbold">1475</span> - The
Tailors’ Bulwark was constructed as part of a larger system of fortifications.
The economic thriving made it possible for the numerous guilds to contribute to
an improved and extended system of fortifications which spanned 45 hectars. The
city of <st1:city w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Cluj</st1:place></st1:city>
owed its development to a great extent to the privileges bestowed upon it by
Iancu de Hunedoara and his son, Matei Corvin, kings of Hungary of Romanian
origin.<br>
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI%7E1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image001.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1032" width="12" height="12"><!--[endif]--><span class="arialbold">1541</span> - The
Otomans conquered the <st1:placename w:st="on">Hungarian</st1:placename> <st1:placetype w:st="on">Kingdom</st1:placetype> and divided it with <st1:country-region w:st="on">Austria</st1:country-region>, the city continued to prosper as <st1:place w:st="on">Transylvania</st1:place> became an autonomous principality. The first
printing house dated from this period, many stone buildings <br>
were built, as well as many schools and a University.<br>
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI%7E1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image001.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1033" width="12" height="12"><!--[endif]--><span class="arialbold">1600</span> - Michael
The Brave, ruler of <st1:country-region w:st="on">Moldavia</st1:country-region>
and Wallachia and forger of the Union of the two with <st1:place w:st="on">Transylvania</st1:place>,
entered Cluj after the battle of Miraslau. The rulers of the city revenged the
defeat later, by burning at the stakes one of the bravest captains in Michael’s
army, Baba Novac, whose body was displayed outside the city, near the Tailors’
Bulwark. A statue was erected there in his memory, in 1976.<br>
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI%7E1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image001.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1034" width="12" height="12"><!--[endif]--><span class="arialbold">1738-1739 </span>- The
plague devastated the town, killing more than 10% of the population. <br>
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI%7E1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image001.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1035" width="12" height="12"><!--[endif]--><span class="arialbold">The second half of the
17th century</span> - The economic situation of the city deteriorated and it
lost its autonomy. The city entered under Austrian rule and was forced to host
the Austrian garrison. <br>
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI%7E1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image001.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1036" width="12" height="12"><!--[endif]--><span class="arialbold">1790 </span>- Cluj
became the siege of the Hungarian Governors, reinforcing its political
authority, and the capital city of the Ardeal province. The same year, the
first Romanian Orthodox Church was built in Cluj, followed by a Greek catholic
one (1803), as the number of the Romanians who were allowed to live in the city
grew considerably.<br>
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI%7E1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image001.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1037" width="12" height="12"><!--[endif]--><span class="arialbold">1791</span> - The
issuing of The Supplex Libellus Valachorum reinforced the political status of
the Romanians.<br>
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI%7E1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image001.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1038" width="12" height="12"><!--[endif]--><span class="arialbold">1848 </span>- The
Revolution which spread in the whole Austro-Hungarian Empire involved many
Romanians who had studied in Cluj, in the university that functioned here. <br>
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI%7E1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image001.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1039" width="12" height="12"><!--[endif]--><span class="arialbold">1892-1894</span> - The
Memorandist Movement was though the climax of the assertion of the Romanians as
a distinct and deign nation. The process which followed in 1894 condemned the
heads of the movement. <br>
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI%7E1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image001.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1040" width="12" height="12"><!--[endif]--><span class="arialbold">The 19th century</span>
- The economical development of the city continued. Many factories and a the
construction of a railway (1870) resulted in an impressive development of the
commerce. In 1872 a university was built, as well as another building of the
Theatre (1906).<br>
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI%7E1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image001.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1041" width="12" height="12"><!--[endif]--><span class="arialbold">1914-1918 </span>- Many
Romanians from Transylvania were forced to fight against their Romanian
brothers from the <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placetype w:st="on">Kingdom</st1:placetype>
 of <st1:placename w:st="on">Romania</st1:placename></st1:place> or ended in
prisons or killed. Cluj was liberated and Transylvania became part of the
larger <st1:placetype w:st="on">Kingdom</st1:placetype> of <st1:placename w:st="on">Romania</st1:placename>, after the <st1:place w:st="on">Union</st1:place>
on the 1st of December 1918. <br>
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI%7E1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image001.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1042" width="12" height="12"><!--[endif]--><span class="arialbold">November 3rd 1919</span>
- The Romanian University was inauguated in Cluj. The town flourished between
two wars: many schools, churches, museums, institutes and theatres were built,
integrating the life of the city into the one of Greater Romania. <br>
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI%7E1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image001.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1043" width="12" height="12"><!--[endif]--><span class="arialbold">August 30th 1940</span>
- The Vienna Diktat imposed onto <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Romania</st1:place></st1:country-region> to give over a part of its
territory, including Cluj. Many institutions were forced to withdraw to other
towns in <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Romania</st1:place></st1:country-region>.
<br>
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI%7E1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image001.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1044" width="12" height="12"><!--[endif]--><span class="arialbold">October 11th 1944</span>
- Cluj was liberated from the German occupation, and passed into Russian administration.<br>
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI%7E1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image001.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1045" width="12" height="12"><!--[endif]--><span class="arialbold">March 13th 1945 </span>-
The part of Transylvania which was under Russian military rule was rendered to
the <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:placetype w:st="on">Kingdom</st1:placetype> of <st1:placename w:st="on">Romania</st1:placename></st1:place>.<br>
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI%7E1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image001.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1046" width="12" height="12"><!--[endif]--><span class="arialbold">June 11th 1948 </span>-
32 factories, many hospitals and cinemas entered state property, as well as
other important establishments.<br>
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI%7E1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image001.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1047" width="12" height="12"><!--[endif]--><span class="arialbold">October 1st 1948</span>
- The Greek Catholics were forced to adhere to Orthodoxy and many were
imprisoned. Shortly, the rest of the religions were banned and the churches
were confiscated. Many personalities belonging to a wide rage of activities
were either forced to take a back seat, or were imprisoned for their beliefs,
while the fighters in the mountains tried to resist the communist expansion.<br>
The communist period was as devastating in Cluj as it was for the whole
country. The city suffered, even more than other cities, from the Communist
repression. <br>
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI%7E1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image001.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1048" width="12" height="12"><!--[endif]--><span class="arialbold">1959</span> - The
“Babes-Bolyai” University was established, after the union of the “Babes” and
“Bolyai” Universities. The University had 10 faculties in 1974.<br>
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI%7E1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image001.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1049" width="12" height="12"><!--[endif]--><span class="arialbold">1968 </span>- The city
of <st1:city w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Cluj</st1:place></st1:city> became
the political center of the Cluj District. In the following years, many
factories were built, as well as many blocks of apartments. The city maintained
its position as the second most important cultural and scientific center of the
country.<br>
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</v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///C:/Users/ADMINI%7E1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image001.jpg" v:shapes="_x0000_i1050" width="12" height="12"><!--[endif]--><span class="arialbold">December 21st 1989</span>
- The revolution burst out in Cluj. Eleven people were killed in the “<st1:city w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Liberty</st1:place></st1:city>” Square (today’s
Piata Unirii) and other 4 in front of Astoria Hotel. In the evening of the same
day, other 4 people were killed at the Beer Factory, followed by 3 in other
places of the town. The following years were the years of the consolidation of
democracy, of many economic, political, social and cultural transformations,
re-shaping the face of the city.<o:p></o:p></p>

<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>

</p>
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